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FIFO, FEFO, LIFO: What is the meaning?

FIFO, FEFO and LIFO are the three main strategies for warehouse management. But what do the three abbreviations actually stand for and what exactly do they mean?

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Questions and Answers from the ECA Webinar "GDP Update 2026" - Part 1

Around 120 participants attended the ECA Webinar “GDP Update 2026” in March. Many interesting aspects were discussed during the Q&A session. After the event, the speaker, Dr Christian Grote-Westrick, provided written responses to the submitted questions. We have compiled a selection of these questions and answers for you – read Part 1 here, covering the topics of returns/Swissmedic, the USA, and HPRA.

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What Requirements must a Responsible Person for GDP meet?

According to the EU Guidelines on Good Distribution Practice (GDP), a wholesale distributor must designate a Responsible Person (RP). The RP plays a key role in ensuring GDP-compliant distribution of medicinal products and can effectively fulfil this role only if appropriately qualified and experienced, and vested with the necessary authority and personal integrity.

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FIFO, FEFO, LIFO: Was bedeuten diese Abkürzungen?

FIFO, FEFO und LIFO sind wichtige Strategien in der Lagerverwaltung. Doch wofür stehen eigentlich die drei Abkürzungen, und was genau steckt dahinter?

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Illegal Medicinal Product Imports into Switzerland in 2025: More Consignments, Shifting Countries of Origin

Swissmedic has reported on illegal medicinal product imports and summarised the figures for 2025. Following a slight decline in 2024, case numbers have risen again. Notably, the origin of consignments has shifted: 40 percent now come from Western Europe – particularly from France and Germany.

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Current Publications Relevant to the GDP Area

In recent weeks, new publications and position papers have been released that have implications for the GDP area and the management of pharmaceutical supply chains. Here, we provide a concise overview of the key developments.

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How can a GDP certificate or GDP certification be obtained?

A GDP certificate is not a uniformly defined term. While wholesalers require official approval, logistics service providers can demonstrate their GDP compliance indirectly or through commercial certifications.

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Abbreviations in the GDP Environment - Updated List

During GDP events organised by the ECA, the wish came up to compile a list of relevant abbreviations used in the GDP environment. This list has now been updated and extended once again.

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Swissmedic tightens Expectations for International Trading and Supply Chains

Version 4.0 of the technical interpretation on legal requirements for foreign trade and supply chain traceability defines concrete and enforceable obligations.

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European GDP Association Developments September through December 2025

Find out what the European GDP Association was working on and accomplished in the last four months of 2025 - in the latest report.

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